128 "... Holocaust..."
"The Holocaust (from the Greek λόκαυστον(holókauston): holos, "completely" and
kaustos, "burnt"), is the term generally used to describe the killing of approximately six
million European Jews during World War II, as part of a program of deliberate extermination
planned and executed by the National Socialist (Nazi) regime in Germany led by Adolf Hitler.
Other groups were persecuted and killed by the regime, including the Roma; Soviets,
particularly prisoners of war; ethnic Poles; other Slavic people; the disabled; gay
men; and political and religious dissidents.
The persecution and genocide were accomplished in stages. Legislation to remove the
Jews from civil society was enacted years before the outbreak of World War II.
Concentration camps were established in which inmates were used as slave labour until
they died of exhaustion or disease. Where the Third Reich conquered new territory in
eastern Europe, specialized units called Einsatzgruppen murdered Jews and political
opponents in mass shootings. Jews and Roma were crammed into ghettos before being
transported hundreds of miles by freight train to extermination camps where, if they survived
the journey, the majority of them were killed in gas chambers. Every arm of Germany's
bureaucracy was involved in the logistics of the mass murder, turning the country into what
one Holocaust scholar has called "a genocidal state."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
129 "..."final solution"..."
"Holocaust documenters argue that the medicalization of social problems and systematic
euthanasia of people in German mental institutions in the 1930s provided the institutional,
procedural, and doctrinal origins of the mass murder of the 1940s. The Nuremberg Trials
convicted a number of psychiatrists who held key positions in Nazi regimes."
-- Reference: Lapon, Lenny (1986). Mass Murderers in White Coats : Psychiatric Genocide in Nazi Germany and the United States.
The tie between Hitler and the eugenic psychiatrists was so close that much of Mein
Kampf is literally indistinguishable in language and in tone from the major
international journals and psychiatric textbooks of the time. To quote from a few of
many such passages in Mein Kampf:
"To demand that defective people be prevented from propagating equally defective
offspring is a demand for the clearest reason and, if systematically executed,
represents the most humane act of mankind ..."
"Those who are physically and mentally unhealthy and unworthy must not
perpetuate their ;suffering in the bodies of their children ..."
"A prevention of the faculty and opportunity to procreate on the part of the physically
degenerate and the mentally sick ... would not only free humanity from an
immeasurable misfortune but would lead to a recovery which today seems scarcely
conceivable."
Hitler received support from psychiatrists and social scientists around the world after
he took power. Many articles in the world's leading medical journals monitored and heaped
praise on Hitler's eugenic legislation and policies.
Records uncovered by Abrams at the hospital confirm that the extermination had begun as
a part of a national psychiatric program before Hitler took on the systematic murder of
the Jews. Hundreds of patients had been shipped off to psychiatric extermination centers
prior to the end of 1941, when the national program was largely abandoned and local state
mental hospitals took over "the action" on their own.
The psychiatric extermination program was not a hidden, secret shame of psychiatry - at
least, not at the start. It was organized by leading professors of psychiatry and directors
of mental hospitals through a series of national meetings and workshops. So-called
euthanasia forms were circulated to individual hospitals, and final approval of each death
was then given in Berlin by a committee of the nation's outstanding psychiatrists. By
January 1940 patients were being shipped to six special extermination centers staffed by
psychiatrists.
In late 1941, public outrage and lack of enthusiasm from Hitler pushed the program
underground, but between 100,000 and 200,000 German mental patients had been
killed. From then on, individual institutions, such as that at Kaufbeuren, continued to act on
their own, even admitting new patients for the purpose of murdering them. At the end of the
war, many large institutions were entirely empty, and estimates from various war-crime
tribunals, including Nuremberg, estimate the number of dead to be between 250,000 and
300,000, mostly inmates of psychiatric hospitals and homes for the retarded...
Psychiatrist Frederic Wertham, by no means a radical critic of his profession, deserves
the credit for being the first to describe the role of psychiatry in Nazi Germany: ...
"The tragedy is that the psychiatrists did not have to have an order. They acted on
their own. They were not carrying out a death sentence pronounced by somebody
else. They were the legislators who laid down the rules for deciding who was to die;
they were the administrators who worked out the procedures, provided the patients
and the places, and decided the methods of killing; they pronounced a sentence of
life or death in each individual case; they were the executioners who carried the
sentences out or -- without being coerced to do so -- surrendered their patients to be
killed in other institutions; they supervised and often watched the slow deaths..."
By November 1, 1941, the first extermination camps were being built: first Belzec, then
Sobibor, Treblinka, Chełmno and Majdanek, and finally Auschwitz-Birkenau.
At first, vague plans were made in Nazi Germany to deport all European Jews to
Madagascar. Adolf Eichmann, in particular, supported this option before the Wannsee
Conference of 1942, where he was made privy to the exact details of the "Final Solution".
SS chief Heinrich Himmler stated:
"However cruel and tragic each individual case may be, this method is still the mildest and
best, if one rejects the Bolshevik method of physical extermination of a people out of inner
conviction as un-German and impossible."
The original plan was to use the Royal Navy after Britain's defeat to exile all of Europe's
Jews to Madagascar. However, since the British were not defeated as anticipated by the
Nazis, the Madagascar Plan had to be abandoned.
The extermination process in Belzec, Sobibor and Treblinka was similar to the method used
in the six extermination camps in Germany and Austria, but hugely scaled up for killing
whole transports of people at a time.
Victims would hand over their valuables, which became property of the German
Reichsbank. They then undressed, and their clothes were searched for jewelry and
other valuables. Victims were then marched into the gas chamber and packed tightly
to minimize the available fresh air. An engine created carbon monoxide gas which
was then discharged through gas pipes, killing the occupants. Their corpses were
cremated after any gold dental fillings were removed. The mass murder was carefully
tracked and documented.
For example, the intercepted Höfle Telegram sent by SS-Sturmbannführer Hermann Höfle
on January 11, 1943 to SS-Obersturmbannführer Adolf Eichmann in Berlin listed
1,274,166 total arrivals to the four camps of Aktion Reinhard through the end of 1942,
as well as the total arrivals by camp for the last two weeks of 1942.
The structure of all camps was nearly identical. From the reception area with ramp and
undressing barracks, the Jews entered a narrow, camouflaged path (called sluice or tube) to
the extermination area with gas chambers, pits and cremation grids. The SS and Trawnikis
stayed in a separate area. Barbed wire fences, partially camouflaged with pine branches,
surrounded the camp and separated the different parts. Unlike Auschwitz, no electric fences
were used. Wooden watchtowers guarded the camp.
Approximately 2 million Jews lost their lives in Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka and Majdanek in
the course of Operation Reinhard. Approximately 178,045,960 German Reichsmark worth of
Jewish property (today's value: around 700,000,000 $US or 550,000,000 Euros) was stolen.
This money went not only to German authorities, but also to single individuals (SS and police
men, camp guards, non-Jewish inhabitants of towns and villages with ghettos or adjacent
camps)."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
130
"... the "Old Empire", whose headquarters located near one of the "tail stars" in
the Ursa Major (Big Dipper)..."
The "Tail Stars" of Ursa Major are Alcor, Alioth, and Alkaid."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
131 "... radioactivity..."
"Nuclear weapons emit large amounts of electromagnetic radiation as visible, infrared, and
ultraviolet light. The chief hazards are burns and eye injuries. On clear days, these injuries
can occur well beyond blast ranges. The light is so powerful that it can start fires that spread
rapidly in the debris left by a blast. The range of thermal effects increases markedly with
weapon yield. Thermal radiation accounts for between 35-45% of the energy released in the
explosion, depending on the yield of the device.
The first atomic bomb actually used in war time was dropped on Hiroshima on August 6th,
1945 killing between 130,000 and 150,000 people by the end of that year. Those who
survived the bombing are rapidly aging now after struggling for many years.
In Hiroshima, a tremendous fire storm developed within 20 minutes after detonation and
destroyed many more buildings and homes. A fire storm has gale force winds blowing in
towards the center of the fire from all points of the compass.
Mr. Hiroshi Sawachika was 28 years old when the bomb was dropped. He was an army
doctor stationed at the army headquarters in Ujina. When he was exposed, he was inside
the building at the headquarters, 4.1 km from the hypocenter. Being rather far from the
hypocenter, he was not seriously injured. Afterwards, he was very busy getting medical
treatment to the survivors.
INTERVIEWER: How many patients did you treat on August 6?
ANSWER: Well, at least 2 or 3 thousand on that very day if you include those patients whom
I gave directions to. I felt that as if once that day started, it never ended. I had to keep on
and on treating the patients forever. It was the longest day of my life. Later on, when I had
time to reflect on that day, I came to realize that we, doctors learned a lot through the
experience, through the suffering of all those people. It's true that the lack of medical
knowledge, medical facilities, integrated organization and so on prevented us from giving
sufficient medical treatment. Still there was a lot for us, medical doctors to learn on that day.
I learned that the nuclear weapons which gnaw the minds and bodies of human beings
should never be used. Even the slightest idea using nuclear arms should be completely
exterminated the minds of human beings. Otherwise, we will repeat the same tragedy. And
we will never stop being ashamed of ourselves."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
132 "...Atlanta..."
"Atlantis was a continent. Its capital was called by the same name or by that of Poseidonis,
and was located on an island next to its coast. After this continent sunk under the seas, only
the peaks of its loftiest mountains remained above the water, forming what the ancients later
knew as the Islands of the Blest, and which we know as those of Indonesia.
Atlantis created a worldwide empire, and had colonies the world over. These colonies, as
usual, attempted to duplicate the motherland, as colonists are wont to do. Atlantis and
Lemuria have been grossly distorted and misplaced by all sorts of investigators in what
concerns both their epochs and their sizes and locations. Indeed, Atlantis and Lemuria
coexisted side by side, at more or less the same date.
More exactly, Lemuria was the archetypal Atlantis, the same as Eden or Paradise, the site of
origin of both Mankind and Civilization. From there, the Lemurian Atlanteans colonized the
nearby region of India, which became its "twin" and partner. In mythical terms, we can say
that Lemuria-Indonesia was the Mother, and that Atlantis-India was the Father of all the
other civilizations.
Our Atlantean heritage also encompasses the arts and techniques such as Agriculture and
Animal Domestication, the greatest inventions ever. Without the domesticated plants and
animals — most or all of which originated in Atlantis, and often embody an advanced use of
genetic engineering — Civilization could never have developed at all. Besides these, a
series of inventions of mysterious origins, who came to us from the dawn of time, are also
owed to Atlantis and Lemuria: metallurgy, stone masonry and sculpture, paper, the alphabet,
medicinal drugs, gunpowder, weaving, and so on."
Reference: http://www.atlan.org/
133 "...Lemur..."
"Lemuria is the name of a hypothetical "lost land" variously located in the Indian and Pacific
Oceans. Its 19th century origins lie in attempts to account for discontinuities in
biogeography. Though Lemuria has passed out of the realm of conventional science, it has
been adopted by occult writers, as well as some Tamil writers of India. Accounts of Lemuria
differ according to the requirements of their contexts, but all share a common belief that a
continent existed in ancient times and sank beneath the ocean as a result of geological
change, often cataclysmic.
Lemuria entered the lexicon of the Occult through the works of Madame Blavatsky, who
claimed in the 1880s to have been shown an ancient, pre-Atlantean Book of Dzyan by the
Mahatmas. Kumari Kandam is a sunken kingdom sometimes compared with Lemuria.
According to these modernist interpretations of motifs in classical Tamil literature — the
epics Cilappatikaram and Manimekalai that describe the submerged city of Puhar — the
Dravidians originally came from land south of the present day coast of South India that
became submerged by successive floods. There are various claims from Tamil authors that
there was a large land mass connecting Australia and the present day Tamil Nadu coast.
It is interesting to note that Madame Blavatsky described the Lemurians (her third root race)
as being colored black and described the Negroid race, the Dravidians and the Australoids,
Papuans and Melanesians as being descended from them.
prior to the acceptance of continental drift, biologists frequently postulated submerged land
masses in order to account for populations of land-based species now separated by barriers
of water. Similarly, geologists tried to account for striking resemblances of rock formations
on different continents. The first systematic attempt was made by Melchior Neumayr in his
book Erdgeschichte in 1887. Many hypothetical submerged land bridges and continents
were proposed during the 19th century, in order to account for the present distribution of
species.
As Lemuria gained some acceptance within the scientific community, it began to appear in
the works of other scholars. Ernst Haeckel, a German Darwinian taxonomist, proposed
Lemuria as an explanation for the absence of "missing link" fossil records. According to
another source, Haeckel put forward this thesis prior to Sclater (but without using the name
'Lemuria'). Locating the origins of the human species on this lost continent, he claimed the
fossil record could not be found because it had sunk beneath the sea.
Other scientists hypothesized that Lemuria had extended across parts of the Pacific oceans,
explaining distributions of species across Asia and the Americas.
The Lemuria theory disappeared completely from conventional scientific consideration after
the theories of plate tectonics and continental drift were accepted by the larger scientific
community. According to the theory of plate tectonics (which is nowadays the only accepted
paradigm in geology), Madagascar and India were indeed once part of the same landmass
(thus accounting for geological resemblances), but plate movement caused India to break
away millions of years ago, and move to its present location. The original landmass broke
apart - it did not sink beneath the sea level."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
134 ..."Lake Toba in Sumatra"...
The Toba eruption (the Toba event) occurred at what is now Lake Toba about 67,500 to
75,500 years ago. It had an estimated Volcanic Explosivity Index of 8 (described as "megacolossal"), making it possibly the largest explosive volcanic eruption within the last twentyfive million years. The total amount of erupted material was about 2800 cubic km (670 cubic
miles) — around 2,000 km³ of ignimbrite that flowed over the ground and around 800 km³
that fell as ash, with the wind blowing most of it to the west.
By contrast, the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens ejected around 1.2 cubic km of material,
whilst the largest volcanic eruption in historic times, at Mount Tambora in 1815, emitted the
equivalent of around 100 cubic kilometers of dense rock and created the "Year Without a
Summer" as far away as North America."
The Toba eruption was the latest of a series of at least three calderra-forming eruptions
which have occurred at the volcano. Earlier calderas were formed around 700,000 and
840,000 years ago.
To give an idea of its magnitude, consider that although the eruption took place in Indonesia,
it deposited an ash layer approximately 15 cm (6 in) thick over the entire Indian
subcontinent; at one site in central India, the Toba ash layer today is up to 6 m (20 feet)
thick and parts of Malaysia were covered with 9 m of ashfall. In addition it has been
calculated that
10 metric tons of sulphuric acid was ejected into the atmosphere by
the event, causing acid rain fallout."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
135 "...Mt. Krakatoa..."
"Mt. Krakatoa is a volcanic island in the Sunda Strait between Java and Sumatra in
Indonesia. The name is used for the island group, the main island (also called Rakata), and
the volcano as a whole. It has erupted repeatedly, massively, and with disastrous
consequences throughout recorded history. The best known eruption culminated in a series
of massive explosions on August 26-27 1883, which was among the most violent volcanic
events in modern times. With a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 6, it was equivalent to 200
megatonnes of TNT — about 13,000 times the yield of the Little Boy bomb (13 to 16 KT),
which devastated Hiroshima, Japan.
The 1883 eruption ejected more than 25 cubic kilometres of rock, ash, and pumice, and
generated the loudest sound historically reported: the cataclysmic explosion was distinctly
heard as far away as Perth in Australia approx. 1,930 miles (3,110 km), and the island of
Rodrigues near Mauritius approx. 3,000 miles (5,000 km). Near Krakatoa, according to
official records, 165 villages and towns were destroyed and 132 seriously damaged, at least
36,417 (official toll) people died, and many thousands were injured by the eruption, mostly
from the tsunamis which followed the explosion.
The eruption destroyed two thirds of the island of Krakatoa. Eruptions at the volcano since
1927 have built a new island in the same location, called Anak Krakatau (child of Krakatoa)."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
136 "... colossal volcanic explosion..."
"A supervolcano is a volcano that produces the largest and most voluminous kinds of
eruption on Earth. The explosivity of such eruptions varies, but the volume of ejected tephra
is enough to radically alter the landscape and severely affect global climate for years,
with cataclysmic consequences for life VEI-8 volcanic events have included eruptions at the
following locations. Estimates of the volume of erupted material are given in parentheses.
•Lake Taupo, North Island, New Zealand - Oruanui eruption 26,500 years ago (1,170
km³)
•Lake Toba, Sumatra, Indonesia - 75,000 years ago (2,800 km³)
•Yellowstone Caldera, Wyoming, United States - 2.2 million years ago (2,500 km³)
and 640,000 years ago (1,000 km³)
•La Garita Caldera, Colorado, United States - Source of the truly enormous eruption
of the Fish Canyon Tuff 27.8 million years ago (~5,000 km³)
The Lake Toba eruption plunged the Earth into a volcanic winter, eradicating an
estimated 60% of the human population (although humans managed to survive, even
in the vicinity of the volcano), and was responsible for the formation of sulfuric acid in
the atmosphere.
Many other supermassive eruptions have also occurred in the geological past."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
137
"... due to atmospheric pollution as well as an extensive period during which
radiation from the sun is deflected back into space, and cause global cooling..."
"Nuclear winter is a hypothetical global climate condition that is predicted to be a possible
outcome of a large-scale nuclear war. It is thought that severely cold weather can be caused
by detonating large numbers of nuclear weapons, especially over flammable targets such as
cities, where large amounts of smoke and soot would be injected into the Earth's
stratosphere. The term has also been applied to one of the after-effects of an
supervolcano eruption.
A global average surface cooling of –7°C to –8°C persists for years, and after a decade the
cooling is still –4°C (Fig. 2). Considering that the global average cooling at the depth of the
last ice age 18,000 yr ago was about –5°C, this would be a climate change unprecedented in
speed and amplitude in the history of the human race. The temperature changes are largest
over land ... Cooling of more than –20°C occurs over large areas of North America and of
more than –30°C over much of Eurasia, including all agricultural regions."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
138 "...The global cataclysm that destroyed the dinosaurs..."
"In the past 600 million years there have been five major mass extinctions that on
average extinguished half of all species. The largest mass extinction to have affected life
on Earth was in the Permian-Triassic, which ended the Permian period 250 million years ago
and killed off 90% of all species. The last such mass extinction led to the demise of the
dinosaurs and has been found to have coincided with a large asteroid impact; this is the
Cretaceous–Tertiary extinction event. There is no solid evidence of impacts leading to the
four other major mass extinctions, though a recent report from Ohio State scientists stated
that they have located a 483-km diameter impact crater beneath the East Antarctic Ice Sheet
which may date back about 250 million years, based on gravity measurements, which might
associate it with the Permian-Triassic extinction event.
In 1980, physicist Luis Alvarez, his son, geologist Walter Alvarez, and nuclear chemists
Frank Asaro and Helen V. Michael from the University of California, Berkeley discovered
unusually high concentrations of iridium, an element that is rare in the Earth's crust but
relatively abundant in many meteorites. From the amount and distribution of iridium present
in the 65 million year old "iridium layer", the Alvarez team later estimated that an asteroid of
10–14 kilometers must have collided with the earth. This iridium layer at the K–T boundary
has been found worldwide at 100 different sites. Multidirectionally shocked quartz
(coesite), which is only known to form as the result of large impacts or atomic bomb
explosions, has also been found in the same layer at more than 30 sites. Soot and ash at
levels tens of thousands times normal levels were found with the above."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
"The geologic record of terminal Cretaceous environmental events indicates that iridium and
other associated elements were not deposited instantaneously but during a time interval
spanning some 10,000 to 100,000 years. The available geologic evidence favors a mantle
rather than meteoritic origin for these elements. These results are in accord with the scenario
of a series of intense eruptive volcanic events occurring during a relatively short geologic
time interval and not with the scenario of a single large asteroid impact event."
-- Reference: Article: Terminal Cretaceous Environmental Events
Charles B. Officer
1
and Charles L. Drake
2
1
Research professor in the Earth Sciences Department, Dartmouth College,
Hanover, New Hampshire 03755.
2
Professor in the Earth Sciences Department, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New
Hampshire 03755.
139 "Atomic explosions cause atmospheric fallout much like that of volcanic
eruptions."
"Oct. 26, 2007 -- New evidence dug from the shores of the Bay of Bengal supports the
radical idea that it was a series of monumental volcanic eruptions that wiped out the
dinosaurs, not a meteor impact in the Gulf of Mexico. The discovery confirms two important
things, said Keller: First, that the most massive Deccan eruption and the K-T mass extinction
happened at the same time. Second, that the later, final eruption is timed right to have
slowed the recovery of many living things. This latter matter of the slow recovery has long
been a mystery to paleontologists, she said."
-- Reference: http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2007/10/26/dinosaur-volcano.html
"A new statistical study of mass extinctions throughout the history of life on Earth is backing
up the idea that no single meteor, volcanic eruption or other lone gunman is ever to blame,
even in the case of the Cretaceous-Tertiary event that brought the end of dinosaurs 65
million years ago.
Instead, the worst die-offs happen when some sort of interminable, multi-generational
pressure on life is combined with a few powerful blows. It's what is now being called the
press/pulse theory of mass extinctions.
The theory "is essentially a more eloquent way of saying what I and many other
paleontologists have been saying for many years," said Gerta Keller of Princeton University.
"Namely that the impact-kill hypothesis is all wrong. Impacts alone could not have been the
killing mechanism for the K-T or any of the other major mass extinctions."
In the late Cretaceous case massive volcanism — the Deccan Traps eruption in India — and
attendant climate change, coincided with an impact that pushed highly stressed biota over
the brink."
-- Reference: http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2006/10/20/extinction_pla.html
140 "... Rwenzori Mountains..."
"The highest Rwenzoris are permanently snow-capped, and they, along with Mount
Kilimanjaro and Mount Kenya are the only such in Africa. The Ruwenzoris are often
identified with the "Mountains of the Moon" mentioned by Ptolemy. The Ruwenzori are
known for their vegetation, ranging from tropical rainforest through alpine meadows to snow;
and for their animal population, including forest elephants, several primate species and
many endemic birds."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
141 ..." Pyrenees Mountains"...
"The Pyrenees are named after Pyrene (fire in Greek) who was the daughter of Bebryx and
was raped by Herakles. Terrified at giving birth to a serpent, she fled to the mountains
and was either buried or eaten by wild animals. Herodotus located this legend in his map
of the Oikumene as early as 450 BC."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
142 "... steppes of Mongolia..."
"In the chaos of the late twelfth century, a chieftain named Temüjin finally succeeded in
uniting the Mongol tribes between Manchuria and the Altai Mountains. In 1206, he took the
title Genghis Khan, and he and his successors began expanding the Mongol Empire into
the largest contiguous land empire in world history, going as far northwest as the
Kievan Rus, and as far south as northern Vietnam, Tibet, Iran."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
143 ..."plunder their possessions."
"Looting, sacking, plundering, despoiling, or pillaging is the indiscriminate taking of
goods by force as part of a military or political victory, or during a catastrophe or riot, such as
during war, natural disaster, or rioting. The term is also used in a broader (some would argue
metaphorical) sense, to describe egregious instances of theft and embezzlement, such as
the "plundering" of private or public assets by corrupt or overly greedy corporate executives
or government authorities. The proceeds of all these activities can be described as loot,
plunder, or pillage.
Looting originally referred primarily to the plundering of villages and cities not only by
victorious troops during warfare, but also by civilian members of the community. For
example, see War and Peace, which describes widespread looting by Moscow's citizens
before Napoleon's troops enter the town, and looting by French troops elsewhere; also note
the looting of art treasures by the Nazis during WWII."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
144 "...Tiahuanaco..."
For more detailed information about the archaeology of this site, visit the following websites:
http://www.sacredsites.com/americas/bolivia/tiahuanaco.html
http://www.viewzone.com/tia.html
http://www.world-mysteries.com/mpl_6.htm
145 "...the shift of the poles of the planet...".
"Charles Hapgood first came to public attention in the mid-1950s with his theory of earth
crust displacement, a radical geological idea which attracted the curiosity and support of
Albert Einstein. The Einstein-Hapgood correspondence is a forgotten page in the history of
science. Rose and I obtained these letters (ten from Einstein to Hapgood) from Albert
Einstein's Archives in the Fall of 1995. They show, for the first time, just how extensively
Albert Einstein was involved in assisting Charles Hapgood in the development of the theory.
This correspondence is detailed in The Atlantis Blueprint. Here is a brief summary:
In his second reply (24 November 1952) to Hapgood, Einstein wrote that the idea of earth
crust displacement should not be ruled out "apriori" just because it didn't fit with what we
wanted to believe about the earth's past. What was needed, Einstein claimed, was solid
"geological and paleontological facts."
For six months, Hapgood gathered geological evidence to support the idea of an earth crust
displacement. On the 3rd of May 1953 he forwarded thirty-eight pages of this evidence to
Einstein. Central to his argument was Hapgood's evidence that Lesser Antarctica was icefree at the same time that North America lay smothered in ice. Einstein responded (8 May
1953):
"I find your arguments very impressive and have the impression that your hypothesis is
correct. One can hardly doubt that significant shifts of the crust have taken place repeatedly
and within a short time."
He urged Hapgood to follow up on evidence of "earth fractures". A month later
(11 June 1953) Hapgood sent Einstein forty-two pages of evidence on earth fractures and
the evolution of the ice sheets.
Einstein wrote (17 December 1953) Hapgood urging him to address the "centrifugal
momentum" problem. Hapgood responded with four pages on this problem and thirty-seven
pages of "paleontological evidence" including the frozen mammoths of Arctic Siberia.
Einstein was now convinced. On the 18th of May 1954, Einstein wrote a very favorable
foreword for Hapgood's book EARTH'S SHIFTING CRUST: A KEY TO SOME BASIC
PROBLEMS OF EARTH SCIENCE (published in 1958 by Pantheon Books, New York). The
Foreword begins:
"I frequently receive communications from people who wish to consult me concerning their
unpublished ideas. It goes without saying that these ideas are very seldom possessed of
scientific validity. The very first communication, however, that I received from Mr. Hapgood
electrified me. His idea is original, of great simplicity, and - if it continues to prove itself of
great importance to everything that is related to the history of the earth's surface. ... I think
that this rather astonishing, even fascinating, idea deserves the serious attention of anyone
who concerns himself with the theory of the earth's development."
-- Reference: When the Sky Fell, Rand and Rose Flemth-Ath
146
"The alignment of the Pyramids of Giza on the ground matches perfectly the
alignment of the constellation of Orion as seen in the sky from Giza...".
"(Robert) Bauval is specifically known for the Orion Correlation Theory (OCT). This proposes
a relationship between the fourth dynasty Egyptian pyramids of the Giza Plateau and the
alignment of certain stars in the constellation of Orion.
One night, while working in Saudi Arabia, he took his family and a friend's family up into the
sand dunes of the Arabian desert for a camping expedition. His friend pointed out Orion, and
mentioned that Mintaka, the smaller more easterly of the stars making up Orion's belt was
offset slightly from the others. Bauval then made a connection between the layout of the
three main stars in Orion's belt and the layout of the three main pyramids in the Giza
necropolis."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
147 "... Heliopolis..."
"Heliopolis has been occupied since the Predynastic Period, with extensive building
campaigns during the Old and Middle Kingdoms. Today, unfortunately, it is mostly
destroyed, its temples and other buildings having been used for the construction of medieval
Cairo; most information about it comes from textual sources.
According to Diodorus Siculus Heliopolis was built by Actis, one of the sons of Helios and
Rhode, who named the city after his father. While all Greek cities were destroyed during the
flood, the Egyptian cities including Heliopolis survived. The chief deity of Heliopolis was the
god Atum, who was worshipped in the primary temple.
The city was also the original source of the worship of the Ennead pantheon, although in
later times, as Horus gained in prominence, worship focused on the synchrentistic solar deity
Ra-harakhty (literally Ra, (who is) Horus of the Two Horizons).
During the Amarna Period, Pharoah Akhenaten introduced monotheistic worship of Aten, the
deified solar disc. As the capital of Egypt for a period of time, grain was stored in Heliopolis
for the winter months, when many people would descend on the town to be fed, leading to it
gaining the title place of bread. The Book of the Dead goes further and describes how
Heliopolis was the place of multiplying bread, recounting a myth in which Horus feeds the
masses there with only 7 loaves, which is the basis of the Bible New Testament parable."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
148 "...Nephilim..."
"The Nephilim were an antediluvian race (pre-flood) race which are referred to in the Bible
as giants.". -- Reference: http://www.nwcreation.net/nephilim.html
"Genesis 6:4 states "The Nephilim were on the earth in those days --and also afterwards--
when the sons of God went to the daughters of men and had children by them. They were
the heroes of old, men of renown." The Nephilim were a race of giants that were produced
by the sexual union of the sons of God (presumably fallen angels) and the daughters of men.
Translated from the Hebrew texts, "Nephilim" means "fallen ones." They were renowned for
their strength, prowess, and a great capacity for sinfulness.
The origination of the Nephilim begins with a story of the fallen angels. Shemhazai, an angel
of high rank, led a sect of angels in a descent to earth to instruct humans in righteousness.
The tutelage went on for a few centuries, but soon the angels pined for the human females.
After lusting, the fallen angels instructed the women in magic and conjuring, mated with
them, and produced hybrid offspring: the Nephilim.
The Nephilim were gigantic in stature. Their strength was prodigious and their appetites
immense. Upon devouring all of humankind's resources, they began to consume humans
themselves. The Nephilim attacked and oppressed humans and were the cause of massive
destruction on the earth.
Two texts of central import to the story of the Nephilim, the Bible and the Dead Sea Scrolls,
mention several names for the Nephilim. The diverse kinds of these giants are cited in
several passages. They are variously referred to as Emim, or "Terrors" (Gen. 14:5; Deut.
2:10), Rephaim, or "Weakeners" or "Dead Ones" (2 Sam. 23:13; 1 Chron. 11:15), Gibborim,
or "Giant Heroes" (Job 16:4), Zamzummim, or "Achievers" (Deut. 2:10), Anakim, or "Longnecked" (Deut. 2:10; Josh. 11:22, 14:15), and Awwim or "Devastators" and "Serpents."
Other giants are mentioned in these texts as well, such as Goliath (2 Sam. 21:19), a giant
with twelve fingers and twelve toes who is mentioned as one of the Rephaim (2 Sam. 21:20),
and a tall Egyptian (1 Chron. 11:23). The passage of Numbers 13:26-33 recounts the
Nephilim of Canaan that Joshua and the other Hebrew spies saw. Furthermore, according to
Judaic lore, a certain one of the Nephilim, Arba, built a city, Kiriath Arba, which was named
for its builder and is now known as Hebron.
The wickedness of the Nephilim carried with it a heavy toll. Genesis 6:5 alludes to the
corruption that the Nephilim had caused amongst humans and themselves: "The Lord saw
how great man's wickedness on the earth had become..." Their evil rebellion had incurred
both the wrath and grief of God. God instructed the angel Gabriel to ignite a civil war among
the Nephilim. He also chose Enoch, a righteous man, to inform the fallen angels of the
judgment pronounced on them and their children. God did not allow the fallen angels any
peace, for they could not lift their eyes to heaven and were later to be chained. The end of
the Nephilim came about in the war incited by Gabriel, in which the giants eventually
annihilated each other."
-- Reference: http://www.pantheon.org/articles/n/nephilim.html
149 "...used cutting tools of highly concentrated light waves and electronic energy..."
"A laser is an electronic-optical device that emits coherent light radiation. The term "laser" is
an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. A typical laser emits
light in a narrow, low-divergence monochromatic (single-coloured, if the laser is operating in
the visible spectrum), beam with a well-defined wavelength. In this way, laser light is in
contrast to a light source such as the incandescent light bulb, which emits light over a wide
area and over a wide spectrum of wavelengths.
The first working laser was demonstrated in May 1960 by Theodore Maiman at Hughes
Research Laboratories. Recently, lasers have become a multi-billion dollar industry. The
most widespread use of lasers is in optical storage devices such as compact disc and DVD
players, in which the laser (a few millimeters in size) scans the surface of the disc. Other
common applications of lasers are bar code readers, laser printers and laser pointers.
In industry, lasers are used for cutting steel and other metals and for inscribing patterns
(such as the letters on computer keyboards). Lasers are also commonly used in various
fields in science, especially spectroscopy, typically because of their well-defined wavelength
or short pulse duration in the case of pulsed lasers. Lasers are used by the military for range
finding, target identification and illumination for weapons delivery. Lasers used in medicine
are used for internal surgery and cosmetic applications.
Laser cutting is a technology that uses a laser to cut materials, and is usually used in
industrial manufacturing. Laser cutting works by directing the output of a high power laser,
by computer, at the material to be cut. The material then either melts, burns, vaporizes
away, or is blown away by a jet of gas, leaving an edge with a high quality surface finish.
Industrial laser cutters are used to cut flat-sheet material as well as structural and piping
materials. Some 6-axis lasers can perform cutting operations on parts that have been preformed by casting or machining."
-- Reference: Wikipedia.org
150 "... Baalbek..."
"The great mystery of the ruins of Baalbek, and indeed one of the greatest mysteries of the
ancient world, concerns the massive foundation stones beneath the Roman Temple of
Jupiter. The courtyard of the Jupiter temple is situated upon a platform, called the Grand
Terrace, which consists of a huge outer wall and a filling of massive stones. The lower
courses of the outer wall are formed of huge, finely crafted and precisely positioned blocks.
They range in size from thirty to thirty three feet in length, fourteen feet in height and ten feet
in depth, and weigh approximately 450 tons each. Nine of these blocks are visible on the
north side of the temple, nine on the south, and six on the west (others may exist but
archaeological excavations have thus far not dug beneath all the sections of the Grand
Terrace). Above the six blocks on the western side are three even larger stones, called the
Trilithon, whose weight exceeds 1000 tons each. These great stones vary in size between
sixty-three and sixty-five feet in length, with a height of fourteen feet six inches and a depth
of twelve feet.
Another even larger stone lies in a limestone quarry a quarter of a mile from the Baalbek
complex. Weighing an estimated 1200 tons, it is sixty-nine feet by sixteen feet by thirteen
feet ten inches, making it the single largest piece of stonework ever crafted in the world.
Called the Hajar el Gouble, the Stone of the South, or the Hajar el Hibla, the Stone of the
Pregnant Woman, it lays at a raised angle with the lowest part of its base still attached to the
quarry rock as though it were almost ready to be cut free and transported to its presumed
location next to the other stones of the Trilithon.
Why these stones are such an enigma to contemporary scientists, both engineers and
archaeologists alike, is that their method of quarrying, transportation and precision
placement is beyond the technological ability of any known ancient or modern builders.
Various ‘scholars’, uncomfortable with the notion that ancient cultures might have developed
knowledge superior to modern science, have decided that the massive Baalbek stones were
laboriously dragged from the nearby quarries to the temple site. While carved images in the
temples of Egypt and Mesopotamia do indeed give evidence of this method of block
transportation - using ropes, wooden rollers and thousands of laborers - the dragged blocks
are known to have been only 1/10th the size and weight of the Baalbek stones and to have
been moved along flat surfaces with wide movement paths. The route to the site of Baalbek,
however, is up hill, over rough and winding terrain, and there is no evidence whatsoever of a
flat hauling surface having been created in ancient times.
Next there is the problem of how the mammoth blocks, once they were brought to the site,
were lifted and precisely placed in position. It has been theorized that the stones were raised
using a complex array of scaffolding, ramps and pulleys which was powered by large
numbers of humans and animals working in unison. An historical example of this method has
been suggested as the solution for the Baalbek enigma. The Renaissance architect
Domenico Fontana, when erecting a 327-ton Egyptian obelisk in front of St Peter's Basilica
in Rome, used 40 huge pulleys, which necessitated a combined force of 800 men and 140
horses. The area where this obelisk was erected, however, was a great open space that
could easily accommodate all the lifting apparatus and the men and horses pulling on the
ropes. No such space is available in the spatial context of how the Baalbek stones were
placed. Hills slope away from where lifting apparatus would need to have been placed and
no evidence has been found of a flat and structurally firm surface having been constructed
(and then mysteriously removed after the lifting was done). Furthermore, not just one obelisk
was erected but rather a series of giant stones were precisely put in place side-by-side. Due
to the positioning of these stones, there is simply no conceivable place where a huge pulley
apparatus could have been stationed."
References: (both of the following websites have excellent photos of the area)